高中英语名词性从句九大高考热点分析
名词性从句九大高考热点分析 名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。因为它是从句,因此具有句子的结构特点(
名词性从句九大高考热点分析
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。因为它是从句,因此具有句子的结构特点(即有一套主谓成份);同时又具有名词性特点,所以可以在复合句中作主语、宾语、表语或同位语。名词性从句是中学英语学习的重点,也是高考的主要考点之一。我们必须弄懂和掌握以下热点问题。
一、连接词what与that的用法区别
引导主、宾、表语从句时,what要充当主语、宾语或表语等句子成分,that不作任何成分,只在语法上起连接的作用。例如
____ we cant get seems better than ____ we have.
A. What; what B. what; that C. That; that D. That; what
解析:本句包含一个主语从句和一个宾语从句,且两个从句都缺乏宾语,可见两个引导词都必须充当成分,所以答案是A。又如:
____ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.
A. What B. That C. How D. Where
解析:该题答案是A,what在主语从句中作主语,即作谓语动词caused的执行者。在下面的例句中,that不充当任何成份,只起语法连接作用(因为句子本身不缺成分):
That the former Iraq president Saddam was captured has been proved.
二、 连接词whether和if的用法区别
通常,引导主语从句、表语从句和引导同位语从句时,要用连词whether,不用if;习惯上也只能说whether or not,而不说if or not。例如:
____ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.
A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That
解析:试题中的从句位于句首,不难知道这是一个主语从句,所以答案是C。但是在宾语从句中表达是否既可用if也可用whether。
三、 名词性从句的语序
与别的从句一样,名词性从句必须用陈述语序。例如:
No one can be sure ____ in a million years.
A. what man will look like B. what will man look like
C. man will look like what D. what look will man like
解析:由于从句不能倒装,所以答案只能是A。又如:
You cant imagine ____ when they received these nice Christmas presents.
A. how they were excited B. how excited they were
C. how excited were they D. they were how excited
解析:答案是B。同时还须注意,从句的引导词必须始终置于句首,而且how和被修饰的词excited不能分裂开。
四、 形式主语、形式宾语
当主语从句较长,而谓语较短时,常常将从句后置,而用it作为形式主语,置于句首。
动词后接复合宾语,也可用it作形式宾语。例如:
____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A. There B. This C. That D. It
解析:所需词至于句首,同时后面有that-从句(逻辑主语),可见这里应该用形式主语it,所以答案是D。think, find, consider, believe, feel等动词后常带复合宾语。例如:
Many people think it possible that a trade war between EU and the States will happen.
五、 Who / whoever, what / whatever等的用法区别
一般说来,what/who等含特指意义,而whatever/whoever等含泛指意义,意为无论什么/无论谁。例如:
It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants.
A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever
解析:答案是B,whatever引导一个宾语从句,并且作wants的宾语。这里的whatever不能改成what,因为题意想表达的显然是无论孩子要什么就给他/她什么事不明智的,具有泛指的概念。同时要注意,这里whatever也不能改用no matter what,因为后者只能引导状语从句。又如:(责任编辑:www.360gaokao.com)
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