高考英语阅读理解推理判断题的解题技巧(2)
B. to please the nurse C. to see a patient D. to surprise the story-teller 2. After reading the story what can we infer about the hospital? A. It is a childrens hospital. B. It has strict rules about
B. to please the nurse
C. to see a patient
D. to surprise the story-teller
2. After reading the story what can we infer about the hospital?
A. It is a childrens hospital.
B. It has strict rules about visiting hours.
C. The conditions there arent very good.
D. The nurses and doctors there dont work hard.
3. Which of the following words best describes Mum?
A. strange B. warm-hearted
C. clever D. hard-working
1. 运用文段所叙述或描绘的事件背景提供的信息进行推理判断
第1道题要求读者判断妈妈从一间小房间拿拖把的真正意图是什么。应该说除了D选项与文段的信息完全无关外，其它三个选项相互间都有一定的干扰性，但只要我们注意到文段所叙述的事件的背景是在一家医院，再结合文段末尾作者与母亲之间的对话，就不难判断该题的正确答案是C选项。因为就常识而言，人们去医院的目的不外乎两个：1. 就诊；2. 探视病人。A选项展现的只是一种表面现象，不是妈妈拿拖把的真正目的；而妈妈去小房间拿拖把时是轻轻地走过去的，显然，也不是为了取悦护士，所以A、B两个选项都不符合文意。
2. 运用已有的经验、经历或常识进行推理判断
上文的第2道题要求读者判断所给的四个选项中那一个符合医院的实际情况。由于文段中没有相关的信息支持A选项，因此，可以排除；C、D两个选项与文段最后一段中妈妈说的Its a fine hospital有矛盾，因此，也可以排除。文段的第一句提到We walked in so quietly that the nurse at the desk didnt even lift her eyes from the book。根据常识我们知道，人们轻轻地走的原因无非存在两种可能性：1. 保持安静；2.避免被发现。联系到妈妈是冒充清洁工进入病房的，探视Dagmar时又提起hospital rules，因此可以断定我们如此轻轻地走进去的目的不是为了保持安静，而是避免被护士发现，从而可以进一步推断出避免被护士发现的原因是因为医院对探视病人的时间有严格规定，所以B选项是正确的。
3. 紧扣主题或话题，避免掉入细节事实的陷阱
有些题目要求读者根据文段的相关信息对文中人物的性格、心理状况、心智或品质作出判断，这时一定要扣紧文段的主题或话题，不要受一些细节事实的干扰。例如，上文的第3题实际上是要读者判断妈妈是一个什么样的人。A、B两个选项与文段提供的信息没有任何联系，可以排除。从文段中描绘的妈妈拿起拖把为医院拖地这一细节事实来看，似乎可以用 warm-hearted 这个词来形容她的品质。但是，只要记住文段主要叙述的是妈妈是如何在规定探望病人的时间之外进入病房探望Dagmar这一话题，就不难判断妈妈拿拖把拖地的最终目的是什么，从而进一步得出结论：只有用 clever 这个词描绘妈妈才最合适。
4. 注意文段中信息的科学性，运用已有的科学常识和学科知识进行推理判断
Sam and Joe were astronauts. There was once a very dangerous trip and the more experienced astronauts knew there was only a small chance of coming back alive. Sam and Joe, however, thought it would be exciting though a little dangerous. Were the best men for the job, they said to the boss. There may be problems, but we can find the answers. Theyre the last people Id trust, thought the boss. But all the other astronauts have refused to go.
Once they were in space, Joe had to go outside to make some repairs. When the repairs were done, he tried to get back inside the spaceship. But the door was locked. He knocked but there was no answer. He knocked again, louder this time, and again no answer came. Then he hit the door as hard as he could and finally a voice said, Whos there? Its me! Who else could it be? shouted Joe. Sam let him in all right but you can imagine that Joe never asked to go on a trip with Sam again!(责任编辑：www.360gaokao.com)
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